It is necessary for the king and the commander to be self-controlled, restrained and full of knowledge

In order to preach Rajdharma to Maharaj Yudhishthira through questions by Devarshi Narad, the main features of Rajdharma asked in verses 17 to 46 of the fifth chapter of Lokpal Sabhakhayan Parva under Mahabharata's Sabhaparva have been recalled. Devarshi further exhorts Rajdharma in detail and gives more important advice to Maharaj Yudhishthira. He explains through the question that the commander should always be full of joy and enthusiasm, brave, intelligent, patient, efficient in his work, full loyalty to the state and the king and a person of the best clan who should lead a pious life. Similarly, other important commanders of the army i.e. various commanders should be skilful in war in all respects, fearless and honest and mighty. After this, he draws attention to the important duties related to the army. He asked Maharaj Yudhishthir :- 'You make arrangements for full nutrition and salary for your army, don't you? And they make all this accessible on time, don't they? There should be neither any shortage nor delay in what is due to soldiers and military officers, because lack or delay can create anger among the employees towards the owner, which becomes the cause of great disaster.
Similarly, they also ask this question that all your ministers must be from the best clan, are they attached to the state and the ruler, aren't they? Are they ready to sacrifice even their lives in battle? Is any one of the employees undisciplined and does not do war and other state work on his own accord? Also, after completing the work well, doesn't he start expecting more salary etc.? Here Devarshi is saying that the employee and officer who do the work more well should always give the appropriate money and respect separately to the ruler, but if the employee and the officer himself starts expecting it, then it is not a good sign.

Duties of the king according to the political scriptures

Devarshi asks that do you protect and nurture the children of the officers and employees who have sacrificed their lives for the welfare and welfare of the state, or who have been in trouble? In the same way, if a more powerful king surrenders to the enemy, in refuge due to fear of or due to lack of means. If you have come, you follow him like a son, don't you? Are your all people consider you as trustworthy and equanimous as their parents. Do you agree? Here the duties of the king propounded by Devarshi are all our politics has also been said time and again in classical texts. de facto state all people are called Praja which means progeny. Therefore the king is always like a father to the people, this is what all the scriptures say and it has been said in political scriptures.

Love and affection towards the subjects like own child

These are essential duties to keep happiness, prosperity, harmony and harmony in our state. But seeing these qualities, no one should get confused that the king or the ruler should be a good man just like the gentleman householders. The right and duty of the king is special and therefore while love and affection like a child towards his subjects is necessary, as we saw the conduct and behavior of Shri Narendra Modi himself during the Corona crisis, the king's behavior towards the enemies of the nation Must be completely different. That's why Devarshi asks the next question. That seeing or hearing of your enemies trapped in addictions, you attack that enemy with great speed considering his military power, mantra power i.e. knowledge power and treasury power, finding him weak, don't you? It is clear that one should not be gentle with the enemy because he is a thorn in the nation and also a thorn in the world. Therefore, by assessing its weakness, first of all, a fierce attack should be made on those sides only so that it gets destroyed.

Diplomacy as described in Indian Political Science

Next to this, Devarshi Narad also threw light on the science of diplomacy described in Indian political science. He told the king to stay away from both divine and human addictions. At the same time, those addictions spread rapidly in the enemy side, it was said to be the duty to keep doing something like this. The divine addictions are - fire, water, famine or famine and pestilence and other diseases. Keep your kingdom free from them and try to spread arson, flood, famine and pestilence in the enemy's kingdom or they . If it is spreading, be a helper in it. This is diplomacy. same way man addictions are - giving importance to fools, allowing or being helpful in theft, being indifferent to enemies and being greedy. Along with this, biased behavior is also a human addiction. The king should never give importance to fools in his kingdom and should always be aware of the enemies and should consider the merit of the concerned person while handing over the responsibility in the administration, not on the basis that he is dear to himself. Should be given Theft in the state should be strictly stopped and the king should never be tempted to collect more money in his treasury in any way. Efforts should be made to ensure that all these bad qualities and bad tendencies are strong in the enemy's kingdom, because this will make the enemy weak from within and it will be easy to destroy him.

King's view of the enemy

In this sequence, Devarshi asked that you know the Twelve Circles and Parshni Moolam and you always keep your duty towards them constant, don't you? Here 'Dwadash Mandal' is a terminological term which means-- Enemy and enemy of enemy (2), friend of enemy (2) and two chief friends of friends (2). They stand ahead. In the same way, these two persons who give back and encourage, and one person behind them who helps both of them, together these four persons become ten people. Along with this, there is an indifferent person in the side and another indifferent person in their side - there are a total of 12 people including these two. These are called 'Dwadash Mandal' and they are also called Parshnimool. It is necessary for the king to know these 12-12 people from his side and the enemy's side, because war is fought considering all of them.
Devarshi Narad asks that while attacking the enemy, you give advance salary to the soldiers, don't you? At the same time, being a Jitendriya yourself, you are always careful to win over the enemy who is lying in your mind, are you not? Along with this, in order to subdue the enemy, it is also necessary that you should have these four qualities: Saam, Daam, Dand , Bhed to be used to reach upto the enemy. So that the opportunity he can consider the treaty when he comes or when there is a need.

Policy propounded by Devarshi Narad

Devarshi's next question to Maharaj Yudhishthir is that you attack the enemies only after making the foundation of your kingdom firm, don't you, and then you do your best for victory, don't you? Along with this, he also asks that after the victory, if the conquered king comes to the shelter and makes a treaty, then he will protect him completely isn't it? This has been a unique feature of Indian diplomacy. Other countries in the modern world do not follow this policy. That's why neither his fame would spread nor he would be able to stay in foreign countries for long. All the countries of Europe had to withdraw from wherever they made colonies abroad within a hundred years of establishing complete control. England itself had to withdraw from India within 90 years, because these states do not follow the policy told by Devarshi Narad. Instead, the influence of Indian kings has been lasting for more than a thousand years in many countries of the world, because they follow the policy propounded by Devarshi Narad. Here the purpose of victory is to prove one's effort and bravery, the desire to destroy others by keeping hatred and malice towards them is not behind it.
Similarly, he also asked whether your spies enter in good numbers from place to place and do the work of making the subjects in your favor, right? Along with this, your food and food items, the clothes you wear on your body etc. and the substances used for smelling or other use are first tested by trusted men, right? Because enemies try to harm the king many times by these measures. Therefore, Devarshi says that it is necessary that your money store, food store, vehicle, main gate, weapons and means of income should be protected by very trustworthy people. The cook and the servants of the courtyard should be trustworthy, the ruler should pay special attention to this. Further to this, Devarshi also asks whether your trusted servants do not bring before you the proposal of spending your time and money in gambling or consumption of beautiful women or doing similar makeup games and addictions like drinking etc.? Because the servants who bring such a proposal, even if they are doing it in good faith, they prove to be evil to the king. Beyond this, the questions that Devarshi Narad Maharaj asks to Yudhishthir are also important. They ask that Rajan, according to your religion, your work is done with a quarter of the income fixed for the work of the state, isn't it? Or even when there is a situation of excessive expenditure, the work is done with only half or three fourth of it, isn't it? The entire income is not spent on you, is it? This is a clear instruction for moderation and frugality.
In this way, Devarshi Narad preaches through questions about the king's Jitendriya, restrained and full of political knowledge and a brave and efficient administrator, which are universal rules for the progress of any state.