Sacred achievement of King Shantanu and Bhishma’s Religious rule
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Prof Kusumlata Kedia
In Mahabharat, there is glorious description of King Shantanu and Devvrata Bhishma which gives us the knowledge of many important things. Given the bravery and courage of king Shantanu, all the kings of the world had called him King of Kings.
Vartamanam Hi Dharmeshu Sarvadharmabhritam Varam I
Tam Mahipa Mahipalam Rajarajeyeabhyashechayana II
(Adiparva, Chapter 100, Shaloka-7)
Shantanupramukhairgupte Loke Nripatibhistada I
Sa Hastinapure Ramye Kurunam Putbhedane I
Vasan Sagarparyantamanvashasada Vasundharam II (Shloka12)
Sa Devrajsadrisho Dharmagyah Satyavagrijuh I
Dandharmatapoyogachchhriya Paramaya Yuktah II (Shlok 13)
King Shantanu who has been appointed as the king of kings has such a rule in which (everyone is safe and all are following the rule of Dharma. King Shantanu has made Hastinapur as his capital and he has been ruling on all parts of the world and he was as powerful as the king of deties - Devraj. He is as brave as Devraj Indra, Dharmagya which means follower of Dharma, always tells truth, he was simple and ready he is ready to make all sorts of sacrifices and this way he became powerful.)
In this description here is found some great Indian tradition of emperors. Here the emperor of India is not like any European or colonial ruler but due to his greatness and power he is respected by all. His greatness is accepted by all. Rest of the other kings rule in their kingdoms as fearless and free kings. Such emperors and kings have got neither to take any autocratic decision nor have to make any strict laws. According to tradition as has been described in traditions, he has to following all the traditions, people’s lifestyle, and allow every section of their society to work as they wish to do. From traditions such things are followed by the kings. Social affairs are decided by the societies like Khap, Panchayat, Shrenipradeo and Shishta Parishad. In practice and discussions and debate these things appear as they have been described in detail in scriptures and such as system of social life and social was available in any society of the world. In fact the decrees of law was first found in India many years ago and imitating this law they started making such norms as available in India in 18th and 19th century. Later on other countries also followed the same. Enough evidences are available here. This way Chakravarti emperors in modern sense were very liberal, open minded and democratic in tendencies because every emperor and king had to follow Dharma, which were based on scriptures. Indian kings and emperors had no right to make rules according to their convenience. It appears that being afraid of this discipline in the second half of 19th century, Indian kings decided to follow the way of the British. This way their quest for autocratic rule took them away from away from their own Dharma. As –
After having Bhagawati departure for the next 36 years King Shantanu remained all alone and one day when he was hunting, he saw a beast he saw a youth was practicing archery and he had blocked the flow of river. He reached close to him and remembered Goddess Ganga in his imagination, then mother Ganga appeared and she told the king that he was the last son of the emperor and she also said the king to take the boy to his home as his training had been fully completed. She also told the king the boy was not only a great archer but had also become a great scholar and philosopher. He also had the knowledge of Vrihaspati Shastra. He had learnt all the Vedas and Upanishads. He was also had become a great scholar of state’s craft and economics.
King Shantanu took his son to his capital and there he declared him the crowned prince. The rule of the crowned prince was as such that that it ensured a rule based on justice. It has been said in Mahabharat-
Udharvasasyabhavad Bhumih Sasyani Rasvanti Cha I
Yathartuvarshi Parjanyo Bahupupphala Drumah II
Vahanani Prahrishtani Mudita Mrigapakshinah I
Vanigbhishchanvakiryanta Nagaranyatha Shilpibhih I
Shurashcha Kritavidyashcha Sanhashcha Sukhinobhavan II
Nabhavana Dasyavah Kechinnadharmaruchayo Jahan I
Pradesheshvapi Rashtranam Kritam Yugamvartat II
(Mahabharat, Aadiparva, Chapter 108, Shlok 2 to 5)
(Yuvaraj Devavrat’s rule made the production of agriculture increased and the food grown in the fields became full of tasty juice. Rain took place on time and fruits and flower in the trees increased many fold, horses and elephants in the state became very healthy and strong and birds and deers became very happy and trade flourished a lot and the skill of the sculptors became enhanced further. And brave people, scholars and sages all were happy and no body tried to take anything from anyone. No body was interested in doing sins. Truth prevailed all around.) Such descriptions often found in Mahabharat. It seemed there came Satyug that time.) It has been said in Mahabharat that in which it has been said that virtuous and brave people should always be virtuous and under his influence there comes the influence of Satyug may be there is Dwapar that time. Therefore king has been described as the sole reason for all virtuous things happening over there. Therefore during the reign of Prince Devvrata the entire kingdom experienced the rule of Satyug.
While living for 36 years all alone and that too with restrain suddenly one day the king what's the roaming along the bank of the river then he felt an amazing fragrance and when he moved I had to know about the source of the fragrance then he saw a very beautiful young girl of fishermen community and the woman was telling a boat when the king ask her she told that she feels good only to help people and did the king contacted the girls father to to marry her then the father said that he wanted to marry his daughter to a king and he also put a condition that the son born of the girl would be e the successor of the kingdom because the girl was of a decent family therefore this will be the condition for the marriage of the girl.
After listening this condition The King left the place because he had already declared Thevar Arth his son from goddess Ganga as his success Sir but after turning his Palace he could not forget the girl of the fisherman and to remember that tough condition to marry the girl the king became depressed and his health started deteriorating on which devavrat tried to know about the reason for that the deteriorating health condition of his father and from the the driver of the king's Chariot he got to know that the king had visited the fishermen community and after knowing the whole fact he declared that he will not become the next King after his father but the fisherman did not relent dad said that good later on breaking news promise on which Devvrat took a very hard pleasure declaring that he will never get married ever in future and due to this pledge which was very tough he was called this and he requested the girl whose name was Sentatyavati to marry his father. From satyavati Shantanu had two sons chitrangad and vichitravirya and after sometimes Shantanu died and Chitrangada became the next king but in a battle he was killed by Gandharva King whose name was also Chitrangada after which vichitravirya became the next king.
To get Vichitravirya married Devvrat Bhishma forcefully brought the two daughters of Kashi Raj Ambika and ab Balika and God vichitraveerya married with them but after sometime vichitravirya died of a disease and then with permission of his stepmother satyavati devvrat Bhishma invited Ved Vyas who was son of Rishi Parashar and he had relation with the two wives of vichitravirya and this way Dhritrashtra and Pandu and Vidur were born and this story is a world famous story.
Here it is necessary to Remember the story of widow who was the son of of Ved Vyas and a maid servant of the palace. It is said that due to the cause of Rishi Mandavya the king of death Dharmraj himself in Kannada date on the earth as Vidur. And it is a fact that Vidur was always free from greed and anger since beginning and he was the greatest scholar of his time because there is a sloka in the Adi Parva of Mahabharata chapter 105 and Shlok 29 it has been said-
Dharmo Vidurrupena Shapat Tasya Mahatmanah l
Mandavyastyarthatatvagyah Kamkrodhvivarjitah ll
In Chapter 106 and 107 there is the story of Mandavya who was a a very high level scholar and a Brahmin and he did penance and always followed the path of truth. Once upon a time he was doing synonyms on the door of his Ashram which is also called monastery and he was keeping silent and engrossed in meditation and one day some people who had looted money from the palace left there welfare in the monastery of the Brahman and when the soldiers tried to know about the thieves from the Brahmin then he did not answer because he was doing penance which means Tapasya and on searching inside the monastery the soldiers found the Jewel stolen from the palace on which they believe that the Brahmin himself was a thief on which the king ordered to put the Brahmin to that but the Brahmin had some divine power therefore at the time of execution he protected his life and after many repeated attempts for many days when the Brahmin did not die then the king became very surprised on which he came to the Brahmin and apologized before him after which the Brahmin went to Dharmraj the god of death and tried to know why he was punished by the king because he must have done something wrong in his life but he did not remember what wrong he had done on which the king state that in childhood the Brahmin had killed some insects for fun of which the result was he was troubled temporally by the king of the country on which Mandavya Rishi said that a crime committed by a boy below 12 years of age does not bear any punishment and for this treatment and this kind of destiny he caused Dharmraj that one day Dharmraj himself will have to be born as a and as a human being he will have to come on the earth and this resulted into incarnation of Dharmaraj as Mahatma Vidur.
In Chapter 108 it has been said that due to To The Spiritual rule of Bhishma Kuru Desh song great prosperity and it seemed that in Dwapar Era their came satyug and which month to care of Dhritarashtra and Pandu and Vidur and taught them scriptures and also taught them how to to make their body strong and also how to use different kind of peoples besides we also talked them many types of disciplines.
After the three children grew up Bhishma got married with the daughter of gandhar king double at the name of the bread was Gandhari after which he got Yaduvanshi girl Shursen's daughter Kunti who got married with Pandu and after sometime Pandu again got married with Mudra countries girl mudra and the next part of this story will be in the next edition.
लेखक
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